Uterine fibroid embolization
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. These growths, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, can vary in size from as small as a pea to as large as a melon. While they are generally benign, they can cause a range of symptoms that significantly impact daily life.
Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids
The symptoms of uterine fibroids can vary based on their size, number, and location. Common symptoms include:
- Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during periods can lead to anemia and fatigue.
- Pelvic Pain and Pressure: Larger fibroids can cause discomfort and a feeling of pressure in the pelvic region.
- Frequent Urination: Fibroids can press against the bladder, leading to frequent trips to the bathroom.
- Constipation: Pressure on the bowel can result in constipation and bloating.
- Pain During Intercourse: Some women experience pain during sexual activity due to the presence of fibroids.
What Is Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE)?
Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat uterine fibroids. Unlike traditional surgical options like hysterectomy, UFE focuses on blocking the blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink and eventually die.
How Does UFE Work?
UFE is performed by an interventional radiologist, a specialist in minimally invasive procedures. Here’s a step-by-step overview of the UFE process:
- Preparation: You will be given a local anesthetic to numb the area where the procedure will be performed.
- Catheter Insertion: A small incision is made in the groin or wrist, and a thin catheter is inserted into an artery.
- Guiding the Catheter: Using X-ray imaging, the radiologist guides the catheter to the arteries supplying blood to the fibroids.
- Embolization: Tiny particles are injected through the catheter into the blood vessels feeding the fibroids. These particles block the blood flow, causing the fibroids to shrink.
- Completion: The catheter is removed, and the incision is bandaged. The entire procedure typically takes about 1-2 hours.
Benefits of UFE
UFE offers several advantages over traditional surgical treatments for fibroids:
- Minimally Invasive: No large incisions are required, resulting in less pain and a quicker recovery.
- Preserves the Uterus: Unlike a hysterectomy, UFE allows you to keep your uterus, which can be important for women who wish to maintain fertility.
- Effective Symptom Relief: Most women experience significant improvement in their symptoms within a few weeks to months after the procedure.
- Shorter Hospital Stay: UFE is usually performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can go home the same day.
Who Is a Candidate for UFE?
UFE is suitable for many women with symptomatic fibroids, but it may not be appropriate for everyone. Ideal candidates for UFE include:
- Women experiencing significant symptoms from fibroids.
- Those who wish to avoid surgery.
- Women who are not planning to become pregnant in the future.
It’s essential to discuss your specific situation with a healthcare provider to determine if UFE is the right option for you.
The Recovery Process
Recovery from UFE is generally quick and straightforward. Here’s what you can expect:
- Immediate Recovery: You may experience some cramping and discomfort for a few days after the procedure. Pain medication can help manage this.
- Activity Restrictions: Light activities can be resumed within a few days, but strenuous exercise and heavy lifting should be avoided for about a week.
- Follow-Up Care: A follow-up appointment with your doctor will be scheduled to monitor your progress and ensure proper healing.